以前草草读过葛兆光的《中国思想史》,对葛先生一直比较有好感。上次出差逛书店,买了一本他的《门外谈禅》,回来后束之高阁,竟然一直没读。这次又出差,顺便带在路上读过。
读到《门~》引用的一段话,很有启发意义:
人问:如何是解脱?
答:谁缚汝?问:如何是净土?
答:谁垢汝?问:如何是涅槃?
答:谁将生死与汝?
出处是《五灯会元》卷五。
这段话也解释了我心中的一个小小疑团,以比较精练的方式,以反问的方式,回答了一个比较难以回答的问题。这种解释,自己也曾有过,也曾在手机上设置过“free your mind”的开机提示语。把所谓的戒律都视为虚妄,不过说起来容易,作起来难罢了。总是在作茧自缚,画地为牢。
(这段话妙则妙矣,不过葛先生不厌其烦,在一本书中竟然引用了好几次,虽然不是在一篇中,但给人的感觉,也像是听到”今年爸妈不收礼……“之类的广告语,感觉不爽。)
这次在上海南京步行街附近见到一所教堂,上面有几个字,“真理使尔自由”。
我在思忖,什么样的真理能使人自由,怎样使人自由,使人怎样自由。皈依某种形式的宗教才能达到目的?自由应该是无形的,它应该无处不在。

其实在很多地方都能找到解脱,找到心灵上的超脱。
以前读过《编程之道》,原来在编程之中,以道的眼光来看,它是也一种道。它是外国人模仿中国古典的老庄之学写的编程之道。仔细读来,自然会心微笑。
让我引用几段:
Something mysterious is formed, born in the silent void. Waiting alone and unmoving, it is at once still and yet in constant motion. It is the source of all programs. I do not know its name, so I will call it the Tao of Programming.
寂静的虚空里诞生了神秘的东西,这种东西恒久存在永不消失,它是所有程序的根源所在,我不知道怎么形容它,姑且称它为编程之道。
If the Tao is great, then the operating system is great. If the operating system is great, then the compiler is great. If the compiler is greater, then the applications is great. The user is pleased and there is harmony in the world.
如果道是完美的,那么操作系统就是完美的,如果操作系统是完美的,那么编译嚣就是完美的,如果编译器是完美的,那么应用程序就是完美的,所以用户心满意足,整个世界因此和谐。
以及:
The Tao gave birth to machine language. Machine language gave birth to the assembler.
道生机器语言,机器语言生汇编嚣。
The assembler gave birth to the compiler. Now there are ten thousand languages.
汇编器生编译器,最后产生上万种高级语言。
每次提到汇编,总是感到亲切。不过,对于高手来说,语言是没有区别的。自己只是一个业余低手罢了,不在此限。
Each language has its purpose, however humble. Each language expresses the Yin and Yang of software. Each language has its place within the Tao.
不论多么的微不足道,每种语言都有它自己的目的,每种语言都表达了软件的阴阳两极。每种语言都各得其道。
“Each language has its place within the Tao”。这句话很有意思。原来我也想,精通一种语言,从一而终,不论文本还是数据库,图像还是多媒体,单机还是网络,都只使用这一种语言。不过这注定是不可能的。Each language has its place within the Tao。数据库还是SQL之类的简洁高效,网络还是PHP或ASP贴心,人工智能还是Lisp或Prolog更智能。拘泥于一种语言,显然是低效和不现实的。值得慰藉的是,语言有异,思想则一。这种相同的思想,就是编程之道。
In the beginning was the Tao. The Tao gave birth to Space and Time. Therefore, Space and Time are the Yin and Yang of programming.
道之初,带来了空间和时间,所以,空间和时间是编程的阴阳两极。
Programmers that do not comprehend the Tao are always running out of time and space for their programs. Programmers that comprehend the Tao always have enough time and space to accomplish their goals.
不懂编程之道的程序员常常把空间和时间消耗殆尽,得道的程序员则总是有足够的空间和时间去完成编程任务。
时间,空间。深度优先,广度优先。
How could it be otherwise?
否则会是什么样呢?
A program should be light and agile, its subroutines connected like a strings of pearls. The spirit and intent of the program should be retained throughout. There should be neither too little nor too much, neither needless loops nor useless variables, neither lack of structure nor overwhelming rigidity.
一个程序应该是轻灵自由的,它的子过程就象串在一根线上的珍珠。自始至终,目标明确。增之一字节则太长,减之一字节则太短。既没有不必要的循环也没有未曾被引用的变量,既不缺少结构化也不至于僵硬呆板。
还有一段,显而易见是模仿《庖丁解牛》的:
Price Wang’s programmer was coding software. His fingers danced upon the keyboard. The program compiled without an error message, and the program ran like a gentle wind.
###编程大师编写软件时,手指在键盘上快速飞舞。程序编译时没有一条错误信息,程序运行起来就象一阵微风吹过。
Excellent!” the Price exclaimed, “Your technique is faultless!”
太精彩了!你的技巧已经无可挑剔了。
“Technique?” said the programmer, turning from his terminal, “What I follow is the Tao — beyond all technique. When I first began to program I would see before me the whole program in one mass. After three years I no longer saw this mass. Instead, I used subroutines. But now I see nothing. My whole being exists in a formless void. My senses are idle. My spirit, free to work without a plan, follows its own instinct. In short, my program writes itself. True, sometimes there are difficult problems. I see them coming, I slow down, I watch silently. Then I change a single line of code and the difficulties vanish like puffs of idle smoke. I then compile the program. I sit still and let the joy of the work fill my being. I close my eyes for a moment and then log off.”
“技巧?”,大师转过身说,“我所遵循的是道–它超乎所有的技巧。当我开始编程时我看到的是整个一大块的程序,三年后我看到的是子过程。现在我什么也看不到了。我的整个存在是没有任何形式的虚无。我感觉很悠闲,总之,事实上是我的程序自己在写,有时我看到一些问题,我看到它们,就停下来静静地观察它们,然后我改变了一行代码,难题就象一阵轻烟一样化为乌有。然后我编译程序。坐在那里享受工作的喜悦。闭了一会眼睛然后退出系统。
Price Wang said, “Would that all of my programmers were as wise!”
“什么时候我的程序员才能都达到这样的境界!”
“sit still and let the joy of the work fill my being“是一种圆满的境界。
我相信任何事物中都隐含、蕴藏着道。
朝闻道,夕死可矣。
写到这里,我忽然这样想,“真理使尔自由”反过来读也能通的,“由自尔使理真”,即,率性而为,你就会让道理更加说得过去,更加reasonable.。文字游戏一把,呵呵。
